Sexual Health
Blog & Resources

Yes, STIs can be transmitted through shared sex toys if they are not properly cleaned between uses or between partners. Bacteria and viruses can survive on surfaces. Use condoms on toys, clean them thoroughly with soap and water or toy cleaner, and avoid sharing.

LGV is a severe form of chlamydia infection caused by specific strains. It causes painful swollen lymph nodes in the groin, genital ulcers, and rectal inflammation. It is more common among men who have sex with men. Treatment requires longer antibiotic courses than typical chlamydia.

Chancroid is a rare bacterial STI caused by Haemophilus ducreyi, causing painful genital ulcers and swollen lymph nodes. It is more common in developing countries and increases HIV transmission risk. It is treated with antibiotics.

Granuloma inguinale (donovanosis) is a rare chronic bacterial STI causing progressive genital ulcers without pain. It is more common in tropical and subtropical regions. Without treatment, it can cause significant tissue destruction. Antibiotics are effective.

Molluscum contagiosum is a viral skin infection causing small, flesh-colored bumps on the genitals or other areas. It spreads through skin-to-skin contact including sexual contact. The bumps usually clear on their own but can be removed for cosmetic reasons or to prevent spread.

Pubic lice (crabs) are tiny parasitic insects that infest pubic hair and cause intense itching. They spread through sexual contact or shared bedding and clothing. Treatment involves medicated lotions or shampoos, washing bedding and clothes, and treating all partners.

Scabies is caused by tiny mites that burrow into the skin, causing intense itching and rash. It spreads through prolonged skin-to-skin contact, often sexual. Treatment involves prescription creams and washing all bedding and clothing. All household members and sexual partners need treatment.

Some STIs can be transmitted through kissing. Herpes simplex virus (HSV-1 and HSV-2) can be transmitted through oral contact. Syphilis sores in the mouth can transmit the infection. Deep kissing can theoretically transmit gonorrhea if throat infection is present, though this is uncommon.

Untreated STIs can cause serious complications: bacterial infections can cause PID, infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and chronic pain. HIV can progress to AIDS. Syphilis can damage organs. HPV can cause cancer. Some STIs increase the risk of acquiring or transmitting HIV.