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Male Sexual Dysfunction
Hypospadias
Hypospadias is a congenital condition where the urethral opening is located on the underside of the penis rather than at the tip. It is one of the most common congenital anomalies in male newborns.
90%
Success Rate
Surgery in infancy; 2-4 weeks recovery; adult repair similar
Duration
Multiple
Treatment Options
3+ Groups
May Affect
What is Hypospadias?
Hypospadias is a congenital condition where the urethral opening is located on the underside of the penis rather than at the tip. It is one of the most common congenital anomalies in male newborns.
Prevalence: One of the most common congenital anomalies; affects 1 in 200-300 male newborns
Symptoms and Signs
- •Urethral meatus located on ventral penile shaft
- •Downward spraying urine stream
- •Incomplete foreskin (hooded appearance)
- •Chordee (downward penile curvature)
- •Difficulty urinating while standing
- •Potential fertility issues if uncorrected
- •Psychological distress in adulthood
Causes and Risk Factors
Common Causes
- →Incomplete fusion of urethral folds in utero
- →Genetic factors (multiple genes involved)
- →Endocrine disruptor exposure during pregnancy
- →Placental insufficiency
- →Low birth weight and prematurity
Risk Factors
- ⚠️Family history of hypospadias
- ⚠️Maternal age over 35
- ⚠️In vitro fertilization (IVF)
- ⚠️Low birth weight
- ⚠️Maternal hormone exposure
Treatment Options
Expected Outcomes: 90-95% success with single-stage repair in distal cases; staged repairs for severe cases
Available Treatments:
- ✓Surgical repair (ideally before age 18 months)
- ✓Urethroplasty (creation of new urethral opening)
- ✓Chordee release if associated curvature
- ✓Fistula repair (if postoperative complication)
- ✓Staged repair for severe proximal hypospadias
- ✓Adult repair if not corrected in childhood
Prevention Tips
- →No known prevention; congenital condition
- →Prenatal care and avoiding endocrine disruptors
- →Genetic counseling if family history
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