What is Zika Virus?
Zika is a virus primarily spread through the bite of an infected Aedes species mosquito. However, it can also be transmitted through sexual contact from a person with Zika to their sexual partners, even if the person doesn't have symptoms.
The most significant concern with Zika is its link to birth defects, most notably microcephaly, in babies of mothers infected during pregnancy.
Sexual Transmission of Zika
- Zika can be passed through sex from a person with Zika to their partners.
- The virus can be transmitted before symptoms start, while symptoms last, and after symptoms end.
- Zika stays in semen longer than in other body fluids like vaginal fluids, urine, and blood.
- Condoms can reduce the chance of getting Zika from sex.
Symptoms
Many people infected with Zika won’t have symptoms or will only have mild ones. The most common symptoms are:
- Mild fever
- Rash
- Joint pain
- Conjunctivitis (red eyes)
- Muscle pain and headache
Symptoms usually last for several days to a week.
Treatment and Prevention in Nepal
There is no specific medicine or vaccine for Zika virus. Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms:
- Get plenty of rest.
- Drink fluids to prevent dehydration.
- Take medicine such as paracetamol to reduce fever and pain.
Prevention
Given the risks during pregnancy, prevention is key:
- Prevent mosquito bites by using insect repellent and wearing long-sleeved shirts and long pants.
- If you or your partner have traveled to an area with a risk of Zika, use condoms or abstain from sex for 3 months after return to prevent sexual transmission, especially if planning a pregnancy.
- Consult a doctor if you are pregnant and have traveled to a Zika-risk area.